Difference between revisions of "Chevrolet Cobalt"

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{{Infobox Automobile
{{Infobox Automobile
|image=[[Image:1968ChevroletCamaroZ28.png|250px]]
|image         = [[Image:Chevrolet Cobalt Coupe.jpg|250px|Chevrolet Cobalt LS coupe]]
|name=Chevrolet Camaro
|name           = Chevrolet Cobalt
|manufacturer=[[General Motors]]
| manufacturer = [[Chevrolet]]
|production=1967–2002<br>2009-
| parent_company = [[General Motors]]
|class=[[Pony car]]
| production     = 2005–present
|body_style=2-door [[coupe]]<br>2-door [[convertible]]
|class         = [[Compact car|Compact]]
|platform=[[GM F platform|F-body]] (1967-2002)<br>[[GM Zeta platform|Zeta platform]] (2010+)
|body_style     = 2-door [[coupe]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]
|layout=[[FR layout]]
|predecessor    = [[Chevrolet Cavalier]]
|related=[[Pontiac Firebird]]
|successor      = [[Chevrolet Cruze]]
|similar=[[Ford Mustang]]<br>[[Dodge Challenger]]<br>[[Plymouth Barracuda]]<br>[[AMC Javelin]]<br>[[Chevrolet Nova]]
|related        = [[Chevrolet HHR]]<br>[[Saturn Ion]]<br>[[Pontiac G5]]<br>[[Opel Astra|Opel/Saturn Astra]]
|length        = 458.5 cm (180.5 in) (coupe)<br>457.9 cm (180.3 in) (sedan)
|wheelbase      = 262.4 cm (103.3 in)
|width          = 172 cm (67.9 in)
|height        = 145 cm (57.1 in) (sedan)<Br>141 cm (55.5 in) (coupe)
|engine        = 2.0 L [[Turbocharger|Turbo]] ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LNF|LNF]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.0 L [[Supercharger|S/C]] ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LSJ|LSJ]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.2 L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#L61|L61]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.4 L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LE5|LE5]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.2 L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LAP|LAP]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]]
|transmission  = 5-speed ''[[F35 (MU3) transmission|F35 (MU3)]]'' [[manual transmission|manual]]<br>5-speed ''[[Getrag F23 transmission|Getrag F23]]'' [[manual transmission|manual]]<br>4-speed ''[[GM 4T40 transmission#4T45|4T45]]'' [[automatic transmission|automatic]]
|fuel_capacity  = 13 US gallons
|fuel_economy  =
|assembly      = [[Lordstown, Ohio]]<ref name="vindy.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www4.vindy.com/content/business_tech/372311088812641.php|title=Cobalt ranks second in sales|accessdate=2008-04-11|work=vindy.com}}</ref>
|platform      = [[GM Delta platform]]
|layout        = [[FF layout]]
}}
}}
[[Image:Chevrolet Cobalt LT sedan.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Chevrolet Cobalt LT sedan]]
The '''Chevrolet Cobalt''' is a [[compact car]] introduced by [[Chevrolet]] in 2004 for the 2005 model year. The Cobalt replaced the [[Chevrolet Cavalier|Cavalier]] and the [[Chevrolet Prizm|Prizm]] as Chevrolet's compact car.


The '''Chevrolet Camaro''' is a [[pony car]]<ref name="ponycar">{{cite book |last=Holder |first=William G. |last2=Kunz |first2=Phillip |title=Camaro |publisher=MotorBooks/MBI |date=1995 |pages=9 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=9iX9OHJfLVYC&pg=PA9&dq=Camaro+history+%22pony+car%22&ei=byf1SInmMoO6yATtg6DMCg&sig=ACfU3U1MfKSpTWnRhGi-ebW9fqapIu_3Eg |isbn=9780760300923}}</ref> manufactured by the [[Chevrolet]] division of [[General Motors]]. It went on sale on [[September 29]], [[1966]] for the [[1967]] [[model year]] and was designed as a competing model to the [[Ford Mustang]]. The car shared the [[GM F platform|platform]] and major components with the [[Pontiac Firebird]], also introduced for 1967. Four distinct generations of the car were produced before production ended in 2002. A new [[fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro|fifth-generation Camaro]] will roll off assembly lines in spring of 2009.<ref name="2009Announcement">{{cite web |url=http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewmonthlyreleasedetail.do?domain=3&docid=27934 |title= Auto Buyers Have Spoken: GM Will Build An All-New Chevrolet Camaro |accessdate=2006-12-27 |author=General Motors |date=2006-08-10 |format=html |publisher=GM Media Online }}</ref>
It is available as both a [[coupe]] and [[sedan (car)|sedan]] and is based upon the [[GM Delta platform]] also shared with the [[Chevrolet HHR]], [[Pontiac G5]], Astra ([[Opel Astra|Opel]], [[Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall]], [[Holden Astra|Holden]], and [[Saturn Corporation|Saturn]] marques), and the [[Opel Zafira]] (a seven seat [[Minivan|MPV]]). Also available is a high performance, [[Chevrolet Cobalt SS|Super Sport variant]]. All Cobalts are currently manufactured at [[General Motors|GM's]] [[Lordstown Assembly]] plant in [[Lordstown, Ohio]]. The [[United States Environmental Protection Agency‎]] classifies the Cobalt as a [[subcompact]] car.<ref>[http://www.fueleconomy.gov/FEG/byclass/Subcompact_Cars2008.shtml Gas Mileage of 2008 Subcompact Cars<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


==Origin==
Starting in 2009, Chevrolet will launch the Cobalt's global successor the [[Chevrolet Cruze]] (based on the new [[Delta II platform]]) in Europe with launches in other markets (including the US) to proceed in 2010. The Cruze will be built in multiple locations around the world including the Lordstown Assembly, at which the Cruze will briefly be built alongside the Cobalt until the latter is completely phased out.<ref>{{cite press release
  | title = GM to Open Formal Talks For Hummer Sale
  | work =
  | publisher = [[The Wall Street Journal]]
  | date = [[2008-08-22]]
  | url = http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121934396020461037.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}</ref> "The Cruze will build on the already successful Chevrolet Cobalt, Cobalt XFE and Cobalt SS, all of which are nearly sold out in dealer showrooms," said GMNA vice president of Chevrolet Ed Peper. “Our dealers are asking for many more Cobalts than we can build."<ref>{{cite press release
  | title = GM Announces Millions in Investment in Ohio for New Small Car
  | work =
  | publisher = Expansion Management
  | date = [[2008-08-26]]
  | url = http://www.expansionmanagement.com/smo/articleviewer/default.asp?cmd=articledetail&articleid=19783&st=5
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}</ref>


Before any official announcement, reports began running in [[April 1965]] within the automotive press that Chevrolet was preparing a competitor to the [[Ford Mustang]], code-named Panther.<ref name="TheDayThePantherDied">{{cite web |url=http://www.chevrolet.com/camaro/thelegend/pantherdied/ |title=The Day the Panther Died |accessdate=2008-10-13 |last=Settlemire |first=Scott |format=HTML |work=GMnext |publisher=[[General Motors]] |language=English |archiveurl=http://wiki.gmnext.com/wiki/index.php/The_Day_the_Panther_Died |archivedate=2008-10-13}}</ref> On [[June 21]], [[1966]], around 200 automotive journalists received a telegram from General Motors stating, ''"...Please save noon of June 28 for important SEPAW meeting. Hope you can be on hand to help scratch a cat. Details will follow...(signed) John L. Cutter – Chevrolet Public Relations – SEPAW Secretary."'' The following day, the same journalists received another General Motors telegram stating, ''"Society for the Eradication of Panthers from the Automotive World will hold first and last meeting on June 28...(signed) John L. Cutter – Chevrolet Public Relations SEPAW Secretary."'' These telegrams puzzled the industry.
==Specifications==
The front [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] is [[independent suspension|independent]] with [[MacPherson strut]]s, while a semi-independent [[Torsion beam suspension|torsion bar]] is used in the rear. The wheelbase is {{convert|103.3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}, longer than its competitors, and the width is {{convert|68.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} . Weight is average in-class, at {{convert|2681|lb|abbr=on}} for the coupe and {{convert|2747|lb|abbr=on}} for the sedan. The Cobalt uses an [[Electric Power Steering|electric power steering]] system developed by [[Koyo Seiko]], rather than a conventional hydraulic system. For 2009, the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency‎]] fuel economy has increased to {{convert|24|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city/{{convert|34|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} highway with [[automatic transmission]], and{{convert|26|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city/{{convert|37|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} highway with [[manual transmission]]. The engine output has increased to {{convert|155|hp|abbr=on}}.


On [[June 28]], 1966, General Motors held a live press conference in [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]]’s Statler-Hilton Hotel. It would be the first time in history that 14 cities were hooked up in real time for a press conference via telephone lines. Chevrolet General Manager [[Pete Estes]] started the new conferences stating that all attendees of the conferences were charter members of the ''Society for the Elimination of Panthers from the Automotive World'' and that this would be the first and last meeting of ''SEPAW''. Estes then announced a new car line, project designation XP-836, with a name that Chevrolet chose in keeping with other car names beginning with the letter C such as the [[Chevrolet Corvair|Corvair]], [[Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevelle]], [[Chevy II]], and [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]]. He claimed the name, ''"suggests the comradeship of good friends as a personal car should be to its owner"'' and that ''"to us, the name means just what we think the car will do... Go!"'' The new Camaro name was then unveiled. Automotive press asked Chevrolet product managers, ''"What is a Camaro?"'' and were told it was ''"a small, vicious animal that eats Mustangs."''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cars.uk.msn.com/News/car_news_article.aspx?cp-documentid=475271&wa=wsignin1.0 |title=Top 10: Muscle cars |accessdate=2006-12-27 |last=Biggs |first=Henry |date=2006-02-03 |format=HTML |work= |publisher=MSN Cars UK |quote=When asked, Chevrolet sales executives claimed a Camaro was a: "a small, vicious animal that eats Mustangs".}}</ref>
==Year-to-year changes==
*2006: A non-[[Supercharger|supercharged]] Cobalt [[Super Sport|SS]] was added to the lineup. This car is equipped with a 2.4&nbsp;L naturally-aspirated [[Ecotec]] [[inline-4]]. The LS became the base model while the LT was marketed as a mid-range package; the top level trim was now the LTZ. In addition, as with most other GM vehicles that year, GM's [[Mark of Excellence]] symbol was added to both front fenders near the doors.


The Camaro was first shown at a press preview in [[Detroit, Michigan]] on [[September 12]], 1966 and then later in [[Los Angeles, California]] on [[September 19]], 1966. The Camaro officially went on sale in dealerships on [[September 29]], 1966 for the 1967 [[model year]].
*2007: Both engines were retuned for more power while retaining the same [[fuel economy]].  The 2.2 L Ecotec is now rated at {{Convert|148|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} with the 2.4 L Ecotec rated at {{Convert|173|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}.  Other changes include a new console, new steering wheel and new radio head unit that features an audio input jack. In addition, all models except the LS and LT1 now use a 5x110 wheel bolt pattern. The LS and LT1 retained the standard 4x100. In addition, the 2007 model year marked the introduction of a new 32-bit computer that replaced the 16-bit unit from 2006.
[[Image:Whiteturbocobalt.png|thumb|[[Chevrolet Cobalt SS]] Turbocharged coupe]]


==First generation==
*2008: The 2.4&nbsp;L naturally aspirated, high-output SS coupe and SS sedan were renamed to just "Sport Coupe" and "Sport Sedan" respectively. The new Cobalt SS features a {{Convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} turbocharged engine, replacing the Supercharged engine  which was offered from 2005-2007. At mid-year, the fuel economy was increased to {{convert|25|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city, {{convert|36|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} highway on the LS and 1LT, coupe and sedan models with manual transmission; now labeled with XFE badging (X-tra Fuel Economy).<ref>{{cite press release
  | title = Chevy squeezes more miles out of Cobalt
  | work =
  | publisher = [[Orlando Sentinel]]
  | date = [[2008-09-14]]
  | url = http://www.orlandosentinel.com/classified/automotive/orl-ymtestdrive1408sep14,0,2545937.story
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}</ref>  XM Radio, side-impact air bags for improved safety, and MP3 player are now standard instead of optional. StabiliTrak stability control system is introduced. Other changes include the adding and removal of several exterior and interior colors. The new SS (turbocharged) coupe launched near the end of May 2008, as it was a facelift from the 2005-2007 version. A sedan version is available for 2009.


{{main|First-generation Chevrolet Camaro}}
*2009: The 2.4&nbsp;L naturally aspirated "Sport Coupe and "Sport Sedan" models have both been deleted, along with the 2.2&nbsp;L L61 engine. Both are replaced by the 2.2&nbsp;L LAP engine thus providing better fuel economy and more power. Three exterior colors have been changed, and the neutral interior color deleted. [[Bluetooth]] capabilities have been added, as well as the option for a reconfigurable performance display.<ref>{{cite press release
  | title = GM's Reconfigurable Performance Display an option for '09 Cobalt SS and HHR SS
  | publisher = [[Motor Trend]]
  | date = [[2008-08-26]]
  | url = http://wot.motortrend.com/6272668/technology/gms-reconfigurable-performance-display-an-option-for-09-cobalt-ss-and-hhr-ss/index.html
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}</ref> The RPD, only available on the SS coupe, can read out various engine output data and alter performance settings.


[[Image:Chevrolet Camaro.jpg|left|180px]]
==Performance==
[[Image:Chevrolet Cobalt SS SC2.jpg|thumb|2005 Cobalt SS supercharged coupe]]
[[Image:08CobaltSSccockpit.jpg|thumb|2008 Cobalt SS turbocharged coupe with the red/ebony interior color combination]]
{{Main|Chevrolet Cobalt SS}}
The 2008 Cobalt is available with the [[Super Sport|SS]] performance package<ref>{{cite press release
  | title =
2009 Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbo track test
  | work =
  | publisher = [[Telegraph-Journal]]
  | date = [[2008-08-21]]
  | url = http://telegraphjournal.canadaeast.com/wheels/article/391662
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}</ref>, which includes a 260-hp 2.0L [[straight-4]] turbocharged engine with variable valve timing, rated at {{convert|22|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city, {{convert|30|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} hwy, with its 5-speed manual transmission. It can achieve 0-60 mph in 5.7 seconds.<ref>[http://www.motortrend.com/features/auto_news/112_0710_2008_chevrolet_cobalt_ss_turbo_hhr_panel_ss/index.html SS at SEMA: 2008 Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbo and HHR Panel SS Concept - Auto News - Motor Trend<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


The [[first-generation Chevrolet Camaro]] debuted in September 1966, for the 1967 model year, up to 1969 on a brand new rear-wheel drive [[GM F platform|GM F-body platform]] and would be available as a 2-door, 2+2 seating, [[coupe]] or [[convertible]] with a choice of [[inline-6]] and {{convert|302|CID|L|1|abbr=on|lk=in}}, {{convert|307|CID|L|1|abbr=on}}, {{convert|327|CID|L|1|abbr=on}}, {{convert|350|CID|L|1|abbr=on}}, or {{convert|396|CID|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8 engine|V8]] powerplants. Concerned with the runaway success of the [[Ford Mustang]], Chevrolet executives realized that their compact sporty car, the [[Chevrolet Corvair|Corvair]], would not be able to generate the sales volume of the Mustang due to its radical rear-engine design, as well as declining sales, partly due to bad publicity from [[Ralph Nader]]'s book, ''[[Unsafe at Any Speed]]''. Therefore, the Camaro was touted as having the same conventional rear-drive, front-engine configuration as Mustang and Chevy II.  In addition, the Camaro was designed to fit a variety of power plants in the engine bay. The first-generation Camaro would last until the 1969 model year and would eventually inspire the design of the new retro [[Fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro|fifth-generation Camaro]].
The 2008 Cobalt line also offers a Sport model, with a naturally aspirated {{convert|171|hp|abbr=on}} high-output engine, rated at {{convert|22|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city/{{convert|32|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} hwy ([[manual transmission]]), and {{convert|22|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} city/{{convert|31|mpgus|L/100 km mpgimp|abbr=on}} hwy ([[automatic transmission]]). Previous to 2008 this power combination was offered as one of the SS package combinations.
{{clear}}


==Second generation==
==Safety==
According to the [[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] (IIHS) the Cobalt receives an overall top score of ''Good'' for front collisions. <ref>[http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=226 IIHS-HLDI: 2005-08 Chevrolet Cobalt - FRONTAL OFFSET TEST]</ref>
However, it receives a ''Poor'' overall score for side impacts without side curtain [[airbag]]s,<ref>[http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=306 IIHS-HLDI: 2005-07 Chevrolet Cobalt - SIDE IMPACT TEST WITHOUT OPTIONAL SIDE AIRBAGS]</ref> and an ''Acceptable'' overall score with side curtain airbags.  <ref>[http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=275 IIHS-HLDI: 2005-07 Chevrolet Cobalt - SIDE IMPACT TEST WITH OPTIONAL SIDE AIRBAGS]</ref> In 2008 side curtain airbags became standard but the Cobalt's structure remains the same and consequently in structure/safety category of the IIHS's side impact test the Cobalt receives a ''Marginal'' score.


{{main|Second-generation Chevrolet Camaro}}
Before 2009 the Cobalt only offered stability control as an option on Sport models. <ref name=safety>[http://www.chevrolet.com/cobalt/safety/ Chevrolet | 2008 Cobalt - Safety Features | Chevy Cobalt<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>  Side airbags are limited to head-curtain type, torso type side airbags are unavailable.<ref name=safety />  According to the IIHS's injury measurements taken from the side impact test the driver's torso is given a ''Marginal'' score.


[[Image:1970ChevroletCamaroZ28.jpg|right|180px]]
==Recalls==
In early 2007, 98,000 Cobalt coupes were recalled after it was discovered they did not meet federal safety requirements because of a lack of adequate padding in a specific area of the vehicle's trim, resulting in an unacceptable vulnerability to head injuries.<ref>
{{cite press release
  | title = GM announces Cobalt recall
  | work =
  | publisher = [[The Vindicator]]
  | date = [[2007-01-25]]
  | url = http://www4.vindy.com/content/local_regional/307174131201498.php
  | accessdate = 2008-09-20 }}
</ref>


Introduced in February 1970, the [[second-generation Chevrolet Camaro]] would be in production for a total of 11 years. The car grew somewhat larger and wider with the new styling, thus resulting in a heavier car.<ref name="EdmundsHistory">{{cite web |url=http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Features/articleId=66170 |title=A Chevrolet Camaro History |accessdate=2007-01-05 |last=Huffman |first= John Pearley |date=2003-06-16 |format=HTML |publisher=[[Edmunds.com]] }}</ref> Still based on the [[GM F platform|F-body platform]], the new Camaro was engineered much like its predecessor in that it still used a unibody structure with a front subframe, leaf springs in the back and A-arms up front for suspension. The car would see major changes in both styling and performance as time progressed from the introduction through the end of second-generation production in 1981.
==Engines==
{{clear}}
{| class=wikitable
!Years
!Engine
!Power
!Torque
|-
|2005–2006||2.2&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#L61|Ecotec L61]]'' [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|155}}
|-
|2007–2008||2.2&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#L61|Ecotec L61]]'' [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|148|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|155}}
|-
|2009||2.2&nbsp;L ''[[GM Family II engine#LAP|Ecotec LAP]]'' [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|155|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|150}}
|-
|2006||2.4&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LE5|Ecotec LE5]]'' [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|171|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|163}}
|-
|2007–2008||2.4&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LE5|Ecotec LE5]]'' [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|173|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|163}}
|-
|2005–2007||2.0&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LSJ|Ecotec LSJ]]'' [[supercharger|S/C]] [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|205|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|200}}
|-
|2008-present||2.0&nbsp;L ''[[GM Ecotec engine#LNF|Ecotec LNF]]'' [[Turbocharger|Turbo]] [[I4 engine|I4]]||{{Convert|260|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}||{{auto ftlbf|260}}
|}


== Third generation ==
==Sales==
 
{| class="wikitable"
{{main|Third-generation Chevrolet Camaro}}
|-
 
! Model Year
[[Image:Camaro1.jpg|left|180px]]
! Sales
 
|-
The [[third-generation Chevrolet Camaro]] was introduced for the 1982 model year. It continued to use [[General Motors]]' [[GM F platform|F-body platform]] and would produce a ''"20th Anniversary Commemorative Edition"'' for 1987 and a ''"25th Anniversary Heritage Edition"'' for 1992. These were also the first Camaros with throttle body [[fuel injection]], [[Turbo-Hydramatic]] 700R4 four-speed automatic transmissions, five-speed manual transmissions, 15 inch or 16-inch wheels, [[hatchback]] bodies, and a rear window third brake light. It was during the third generation that the famous IROC-Z Camaro was available, which included upgrades such as Performance Suspension and 16-inch Z rated tires.
| 2005
 
| 212,667
The third-generation Camaros would continue through the 1992 model year.
|-
{{clear}}
| 2006
 
| 211,450
==Fourth generation==
|-
 
| 2007
{{main|Fourth-generation Chevrolet Camaro}}
| 200,620
 
|-
[[Image:2002ChevroletCamaroSS35-001.jpg|right|180px]]
| 2008
 
| 188,045
The [[fourth-generation Chevrolet Camaro]] debuted for the 1993 model year on an updated [[GM F platform|F-body platform]]. It would retain the same characteristics since the first-generation's introduction back in 1967; 2-doors, 2+2 seating, available as a [[coupé]] (with optional [[T-top]] roof) or [[convertible]] (with the latter introduced in 1994), rear-wheel drive, and a choice of [[V6 engine|V6]] and [[V8 engine|V8]] powerplants. Options included the {{convert|3.4|L|CID|0|abbr=on}} {{convert|160|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} V6 (changed to {{convert|3.8|L|CID|0|abbr=on}} {{convert|200|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} V6 in mid-1995) and the [[GM LT engine#LT1|LT1 V8 engine]] (350&nbsp;CID) 5.7 L V8 with 275hp (flywheel rated) that had been introduced in the Corvette one year earlier, as well as an optional six-speed manual T-56 transmission.(The motor was later rated at 285hp) The 1997 model year introduced a newer interior, while the 1998 model year was refreshed and revised with both exterior and engine changes. The engine was replaced with GM's all-aluminum [[GM LS engine#LS1|LS1]] (346&nbsp;CID) which had been introduced with the [[Chevrolet Corvette C5|Corvette C5]].
|}
 
The fourth-gen Camaro would last up through the 2002 model year, marking 35 years of continuous production.  Production of the F-Body platform was stopped due to slow sales, a deteriorated sports coupe market, and plant overcapacity.<ref name="EndFourthGen">{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4182/is_20010926/ai_n10148436|title=Camaro, Firebird lines to end with 2002 model year |accessdate=2007-06-01|author=Associated Press|date=2001-09-26|format=html|publisher=Oklahoma City Journal Record}}</ref><ref name="FourthGenEnd">{{cite web|url=http://www.popularhotrodding.com/features/0409phr_2007_chevrolet_camaro/|title=Rising from the Ashes |accessdate=2007-08-04|last=McCoy|first=Guy|format=HTML|publisher=Popular Hot Rodding|quote=Publicly, GM blamed slow sales, a deteriorated sports coupe market, and plant overcapacity.}}</ref>
{{clear}}
 
==Fifth generation==
 
{{main|Fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro}}
[[Image:2006CamaroConcept-001.jpg|left|180px]]
Based on the [[fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro#2006 Camaro Concept|2006 Camaro Concept]]<ref name="CamaroConcept">{{cite web |url=http://media.gm.com/us/gm/en/news/events/autoshows/06naias/concepts/06_NAIAS_Chevy_Concept.htm |title=Chevrolet Camaro Concept: Capturing the Timeless Spirit of Camaro |accessdate=2006-12-27 |author=General Motors |date=2006-01-09 |format=html |publisher=GM Media Online }}</ref> and [[fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro#2007 Camaro Convertible Concept|2007 Camaro Convertible Concept]], production of the [[fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro|fifth-generation Camaro]] was approved on [[10 August]] [[2006]]. [[Oshawa Car Assembly]] will produce the new Camaro <ref name="CamaroOntario">{{cite web |url=http://www.globeinvestor.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20060818.wgmweb0818/GIStory/ |title=Canada to build Camaro |accessdate=2006-08-18 |author=Greg Keenan |date=2006-08-18 |format=html |publisher=The Globe and Mail }}</ref> which will go on sale in spring of 2009 as a 2010 model year vehicle.<ref name="Ward's2010">{{cite web |url=http://wardsdealer.com/latest/chevy_launch_camero/ |title=Chevy to Launch New Camaro Coupe, Convertible as ’10 Models |accessdate=2008-03-20 |last=Mateja |first=Jim |date=2008-03-10 |format=HTML |work=[[Ward's Dealer Business]] |publisher=[[Ward's]] }}</ref><ref name="AB2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2008/03/12/chevy-camaro-to-be-a-2010-model-not-2009/ |title=Chevy Camaro to be a 2010 model, not 2009 |accessdate=2008-03-20 |last=Ramsey |first=Jonathon |date=2008-03-12 |format=HTML |work=[[Autoblog]] |publisher=[[Weblogs, Inc.]] }}</ref> The 2010 model is offered as a coupe only in LS, LT, and SS trim levels.<ref name="AB2010production">{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2008/07/21/2010-chevy-camaro-official-details-and-images/ |title=2010 Chevy Camaro - Official Details and Images |accessdate=2008-07-21 |last=Neff|first=John |date=2008-07-21 |format=HTML |work=[[Autoblog]] |publisher=[[Weblogs, Inc.]] }}</ref> The LS and LT trim levels will be powered by the LLT {{convert|217|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} V6 producing {{convert|300|hp|kW|abbr=on}}. The SS is powered by the LS3 {{convert|376|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} V8 producing {{convert|422|hp|kW|abbr=on}}. The RS appearance package will be available on both the LT and SS. Production will begin on [[16 March]] [[2009]] as a 2010 model year.<ref>[http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080722/AUTO01/807220360/1148 Camaro keeps concept look<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 
==Racing==
{{expand|date=August 2007}}
 
{{multiple image
| align    = right
| direction = vertical
| width    = 180
| image1    = Puss & Kram Camaro.jpg
| caption1  = [[Trans-Am Series|Trans-Am]] racing of the early 1970s.
| image2    = Trans-Am-01.jpg
| caption2  = Vintage Trans-Am racing of today.
}}The Camaro was one of the prominent vehicles in the [[Sports Car Club of America|SCCA]]-sanctioned [[Trans-Am Series]].  Chevrolet contracted [[Roger Penske]] to operate their "unofficial" factory-backed Trans Am team, winning the title in 1968 and 1969 with [[Mark Donohue]]. [[Jim Hall]]'s Chararral team replaced Penske for the 1970 season. Warren Agor of Rochester, NY, was the series' leading Camaro privateer, his orange #13's often jousting with the factory cars.  [[Maurice Carter]] of car dealer Maurice Carter Chevrolet-Oldsmobile in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada  took a new Camaro off his lot and entered the 1970 Trans-Am Series. Carter earned the highest placed Canadian independent driver score of all the Trans-Am racers. Camaro were in use in Trans-Am until the late 1990s and won further titles in 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, and 1998.
 
[[Image:Camaro Cup 35.jpg|thumb|left|[[Camaro Cup]] race car.]]
A Camaro driven by [[Bob Jane]] also won 2 championships in the Australian Touring Car Championship, now known as [[V8 Supercars]]), in 1971 and 1972.<ref name="Australia">{{cite web |url=http://www.carsandracingstuff.com/library/a/australiantouringcarchampionship.php |title=Australian Touring Car Championship List |accessdate=2008-02-27 |format=php }}</ref>
 
The Camaro was the official car of and used in the [[International Race of Champions]] starting in 1975 and lasting for 12 years until 1989. It was the first American car of the series succeeding the [[Porsche Carrera|Porsche Carrera RSR]].
 
Today, Camaros are raced in many forms of auto racing throughout the world. They are a favorite in [[drag racing]] and can be currently found in several series from the [[National Hot Rod Association]], [[International Hot Rod Association]], and [[United States Hot Rod Association]]. [[Road racing]] Camaros can currently be found in the [[Sports Car Club of America]]'s American Sedan series. They have also been the exclusive vehicle used in the Swedish [[Camaro Cup]] series since 1975.
 
The Camaro not only participated in racing, but was bestowed the honor of Indianapolis 500 Pace Car duties in 1967, 1969, 1982 and 1993.  The Camaro also paced races at Daytona, Watkins Glen, Mosport in Canada and Charlotte Motor Speedway.
 
==Appearances in popular culture==
<!-- NOTE: this section is not to be a list of trivia (per [[WP:TRIVIA]]). -->
 
The Camaro is referred to in songs such as "The IROC-Z Song" by [[The High Speed Scene]], "Camaro Man" by [[Blue Meanies]], "Bitchin' Camaro" by [[Dead Milkmen]], "Go Lil' Camaro Go" by [[The Ramones]], "Camaro" by [[Kings of Leon]], "The List" by [[Metric (band)|Metric]], "Wishlist" by [[Pearl Jam]], "Teenage Dirtbag" by [[Wheatus]], "12 Days of a Guido Christmas", "Kountry Gentleman" by [[Family Force 5]], "Aldemaro en su Camaro" by [[Los Amigos Invisibles]] and "Ego Booster" by [[Astrosoniq]]. [[Bruce Springsteen]], a lifelong fan of Chevrolets, refers to the Camaro in "Racing in the Streets".
 
[[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]]'s music video for "[[What It Feels Like for a Girl]]" features a second-generation Camaro. The music video for [[Metallica]]'s [[I Disappear]] features a black 1968 Camaro. The [[Kid Rock]] music video for "All Summer Long" features a blue third-generation Camaro
 
The Camaro has also made several notable appearances in film. One of the most popular movie Camaros was a black 1967 model driven by actor [[John Cusack]] in the 1985 film ''[[Better Off Dead (film)|Better Off Dead]]''.<ref name="BOD">{{cite web |url=http://betteroffdeadcamaro.com |title='Better Off Dead' Camaro |accessdate=2008-06-07 |format=HTML }}</ref>
 
{{multiple image
| align    = right
| direction = horizontal
| image1    = Camaro-Transformers03.jpg
| width1    = 150
| image2    = BumblebeeCamaro.jpg
| width2    = 201
| footer    = [[Bumblebee (Transformers)|Bumblebee]] depicted as a 1976 and 5th-gen Camaro.
}}
In addition, the Camaro continues to find its way into modern day fiction. The vehicle mode of the character [[Bumblebee (Transformers)|Bumblebee]] in the 2007 film, ''[[Transformers (film)|Transformers]]'', is first a 1976 model Camaro<ref name="BumblebeeYear">{{cite web |url=http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Features/articleId=121138 |title= Driving the Transformers Beater Bumblebee 1976 Camaro |accessdate=2007-11-22 |last=Huffman |first=John Pearley |date=2007-06-10 |format=HTML |publisher=[[Edmunds]] }}</ref> and later a fifth-generation concept variant. A modified fifth-generation Camaro will reprise the role of Bumblebee in the upcoming sequel, ''[[Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen]]''.
 
''[[Top Gear (current format)|Top Gear]]'''s American fly-drive special featured a 1989 Camaro RS, bought by presenter [[Jeremy Clarkson]] for {{USD|800}} in Miami. During the filming, Clarkson became rather attached to the car, at one point stating that "I'd rather be in this now than an [[Enzo Ferrari (car)|Enzo]]."<ref>Top Gear Season 9 Episode 3.</ref>
 
Various models of the Camaro have been featured in game series such as the [[Forza Motorsport]] series, [[Gran Turismo (series)|Gran Turismo]] series, [[Midnight Club]] series, [[Need for Speed]] series, [[L.A Rush]], and [[Sega GT 2002]].


==References==
==References==
{{commonscat|Chevrolet Camaro}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
additional:
*[http://www.motortrend.com/future/spied_vehicles/112_0806_2011_chevrolet_compact/index.html 2011 Chevrolet Compact - Spied Vehicles - Motor Trend]
*[http://www.autoblog.com/2007/10/28/officially-official-2008-chevy-cobalt-ss-bows-at-sema/ Officially Official: 2008 Chevy Cobalt SS Turbo with 260 HP bows at SEMA]


==External links==
==External links==
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<!--|  See [[Wikipedia:External links]] and [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details    |-->
<!--===========================({{NoMoreLinks}})===============================-->
* [http://www.chevrolet.com/performance/ Chevrolet Camaro Concept] official Chevrolet site
* [http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewmonthlyreleasedetail.do?domain=74&docid=27934 2009 production announcement] official GM press release
* {{dmoz|Recreation/Autos/Makes_and_Models/Chevrolet/Camaro/|Chevrolet Camaro}}
* {{imcdb vehicle|make=Chevrolet|model=Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro}}


{{Camaro}}
*[http://www.chevrolet.com/cobalt/ Official American site]
*[http://www.gmcanada.com/english/vehicles/chevrolet/cobalt/ Official Canadian site]
{{Chevrolet}}
{{Chevrolet}}


[[Category:Chevrolet vehicles|Camaro]]
[[Category:Chevrolet vehicles|Cobalt]]
[[Category:Muscle cars]]
[[Category:Compact cars]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
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[[Category:Coupes]]
[[Category:Convertibles]]
[[Category:Sedans]]
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1967]]
[[Category:1960s automobiles]]
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Latest revision as of 18:40, 3 February 2009

Chevrolet Cobalt
Chevrolet Cobalt LS coupe
ManufacturerChevrolet
Parent companyGeneral Motors
Production2005–present
AssemblyLordstown, Ohio[1]
PredecessorChevrolet Cavalier
SuccessorChevrolet Cruze
ClassCompact
Body style(s)2-door coupe
4-door sedan
LayoutFF layout
PlatformGM Delta platform
Engine(s)2.0 L Turbo LNF I4
2.0 L S/C LSJ I4
2.2 L L61 I4
2.4 L LE5 I4
2.2 L LAP I4
Transmission(s)5-speed F35 (MU3) manual
5-speed Getrag F23 manual
4-speed 4T45 automatic
Wheelbase262.4 cm (103.3 in)
Length458.5 cm (180.5 in) (coupe)
457.9 cm (180.3 in) (sedan)
Width172 cm (67.9 in)
Height145 cm (57.1 in) (sedan)
141 cm (55.5 in) (coupe)
Fuel capacity13 US gallons
RelatedChevrolet HHR
Saturn Ion
Pontiac G5
Opel/Saturn Astra
ManualsService Manual
Chevrolet Cobalt LT sedan

The Chevrolet Cobalt is a compact car introduced by Chevrolet in 2004 for the 2005 model year. The Cobalt replaced the Cavalier and the Prizm as Chevrolet's compact car.

It is available as both a coupe and sedan and is based upon the GM Delta platform also shared with the Chevrolet HHR, Pontiac G5, Astra (Opel, Vauxhall, Holden, and Saturn marques), and the Opel Zafira (a seven seat MPV). Also available is a high performance, Super Sport variant. All Cobalts are currently manufactured at GM's Lordstown Assembly plant in Lordstown, Ohio. The United States Environmental Protection Agency‎ classifies the Cobalt as a subcompact car.[2]

Starting in 2009, Chevrolet will launch the Cobalt's global successor the Chevrolet Cruze (based on the new Delta II platform) in Europe with launches in other markets (including the US) to proceed in 2010. The Cruze will be built in multiple locations around the world including the Lordstown Assembly, at which the Cruze will briefly be built alongside the Cobalt until the latter is completely phased out.[3] "The Cruze will build on the already successful Chevrolet Cobalt, Cobalt XFE and Cobalt SS, all of which are nearly sold out in dealer showrooms," said GMNA vice president of Chevrolet Ed Peper. “Our dealers are asking for many more Cobalts than we can build."[4]

Specifications

The front suspension is independent with MacPherson struts, while a semi-independent torsion bar is used in the rear. The wheelbase is 103.3 in (2,624 mm), longer than its competitors, and the width is 68.4 in (1,737 mm) . Weight is average in-class, at 2,681 lb (1,216 kg) for the coupe and 2,747 lb (1,246 kg) for the sedan. The Cobalt uses an electric power steering system developed by Koyo Seiko, rather than a conventional hydraulic system. For 2009, the United States Environmental Protection Agency‎ fuel economy has increased to 24 mpg-US (9.8 L/100 km; 29 mpg-imp) city/34 mpg-US (6.9 L/100 km; 41 mpg-imp) highway with automatic transmission, and26 mpg-US (9.0 L/100 km; 31 mpg-imp) city/37 mpg-US (6.4 L/100 km; 44 mpg-imp) highway with manual transmission. The engine output has increased to 155 hp (116 kW).

Year-to-year changes

  • 2006: A non-supercharged Cobalt SS was added to the lineup. This car is equipped with a 2.4 L naturally-aspirated Ecotec inline-4. The LS became the base model while the LT was marketed as a mid-range package; the top level trim was now the LTZ. In addition, as with most other GM vehicles that year, GM's Mark of Excellence symbol was added to both front fenders near the doors.
  • 2007: Both engines were retuned for more power while retaining the same fuel economy. The 2.2 L Ecotec is now rated at 148 hp (110 kW) with the 2.4 L Ecotec rated at 173 hp (129 kW). Other changes include a new console, new steering wheel and new radio head unit that features an audio input jack. In addition, all models except the LS and LT1 now use a 5x110 wheel bolt pattern. The LS and LT1 retained the standard 4x100. In addition, the 2007 model year marked the introduction of a new 32-bit computer that replaced the 16-bit unit from 2006.
Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbocharged coupe
  • 2008: The 2.4 L naturally aspirated, high-output SS coupe and SS sedan were renamed to just "Sport Coupe" and "Sport Sedan" respectively. The new Cobalt SS features a 260 hp (194 kW) turbocharged engine, replacing the Supercharged engine which was offered from 2005-2007. At mid-year, the fuel economy was increased to 25 mpg-US (9.4 L/100 km; 30 mpg-imp) city, 36 mpg-US (6.5 L/100 km; 43 mpg-imp) highway on the LS and 1LT, coupe and sedan models with manual transmission; now labeled with XFE badging (X-tra Fuel Economy).[5] XM Radio, side-impact air bags for improved safety, and MP3 player are now standard instead of optional. StabiliTrak stability control system is introduced. Other changes include the adding and removal of several exterior and interior colors. The new SS (turbocharged) coupe launched near the end of May 2008, as it was a facelift from the 2005-2007 version. A sedan version is available for 2009.
  • 2009: The 2.4 L naturally aspirated "Sport Coupe and "Sport Sedan" models have both been deleted, along with the 2.2 L L61 engine. Both are replaced by the 2.2 L LAP engine thus providing better fuel economy and more power. Three exterior colors have been changed, and the neutral interior color deleted. Bluetooth capabilities have been added, as well as the option for a reconfigurable performance display.[6] The RPD, only available on the SS coupe, can read out various engine output data and alter performance settings.

Performance

2005 Cobalt SS supercharged coupe
2008 Cobalt SS turbocharged coupe with the red/ebony interior color combination
Main article: Chevrolet Cobalt SS

The 2008 Cobalt is available with the SS performance package[7], which includes a 260-hp 2.0L straight-4 turbocharged engine with variable valve timing, rated at 22 mpg-US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg-imp) city, 30 mpg-US (7.8 L/100 km; 36 mpg-imp) hwy, with its 5-speed manual transmission. It can achieve 0-60 mph in 5.7 seconds.[8]

The 2008 Cobalt line also offers a Sport model, with a naturally aspirated 171 hp (128 kW) high-output engine, rated at 22 mpg-US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg-imp) city/32 mpg-US (7.4 L/100 km; 38 mpg-imp) hwy (manual transmission), and 22 mpg-US (11 L/100 km; 26 mpg-imp) city/31 mpg-US (7.6 L/100 km; 37 mpg-imp) hwy (automatic transmission). Previous to 2008 this power combination was offered as one of the SS package combinations.

Safety

According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) the Cobalt receives an overall top score of Good for front collisions. [9] However, it receives a Poor overall score for side impacts without side curtain airbags,[10] and an Acceptable overall score with side curtain airbags. [11] In 2008 side curtain airbags became standard but the Cobalt's structure remains the same and consequently in structure/safety category of the IIHS's side impact test the Cobalt receives a Marginal score.

Before 2009 the Cobalt only offered stability control as an option on Sport models. [12] Side airbags are limited to head-curtain type, torso type side airbags are unavailable.[12] According to the IIHS's injury measurements taken from the side impact test the driver's torso is given a Marginal score.

Recalls

In early 2007, 98,000 Cobalt coupes were recalled after it was discovered they did not meet federal safety requirements because of a lack of adequate padding in a specific area of the vehicle's trim, resulting in an unacceptable vulnerability to head injuries.[13]

Engines

Years Engine Power Torque
2005–2006 2.2 L Ecotec L61 I4 145 hp (108 kW) 155 lb·ft (210 N·m)
2007–2008 2.2 L Ecotec L61 I4 148 hp (110 kW) 155 lb·ft (210 N·m)
2009 2.2 L Ecotec LAP I4 155 hp (116 kW) 150 lb·ft (203 N·m)
2006 2.4 L Ecotec LE5 I4 171 hp (128 kW) 163 lb·ft (221 N·m)
2007–2008 2.4 L Ecotec LE5 I4 173 hp (129 kW) 163 lb·ft (221 N·m)
2005–2007 2.0 L Ecotec LSJ S/C I4 205 hp (153 kW) 200 lb·ft (271 N·m)
2008-present 2.0 L Ecotec LNF Turbo I4 260 hp (194 kW) 260 lb·ft (353 N·m)

Sales

Model Year Sales
2005 212,667
2006 211,450
2007 200,620
2008 188,045

References

  1. ↑ "Cobalt ranks second in sales". vindy.com. http://www4.vindy.com/content/business_tech/372311088812641.php. Retrieved on 2008-04-11. 
  2. ↑ Gas Mileage of 2008 Subcompact Cars
  3. ↑ The Wall Street Journal (2008-08-22). GM to Open Formal Talks For Hummer Sale. Press release. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121934396020461037.html?mod=googlenews_wsj. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 
  4. ↑ Expansion Management (2008-08-26). GM Announces Millions in Investment in Ohio for New Small Car. Press release. http://www.expansionmanagement.com/smo/articleviewer/default.asp?cmd=articledetail&articleid=19783&st=5. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 
  5. ↑ Orlando Sentinel (2008-09-14). Chevy squeezes more miles out of Cobalt. Press release. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/classified/automotive/orl-ymtestdrive1408sep14,0,2545937.story. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 
  6. ↑ Motor Trend (2008-08-26). GM's Reconfigurable Performance Display an option for '09 Cobalt SS and HHR SS. Press release. http://wot.motortrend.com/6272668/technology/gms-reconfigurable-performance-display-an-option-for-09-cobalt-ss-and-hhr-ss/index.html. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 
  7. ↑ Telegraph-Journal (2008-08-21). 2009 Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbo track test. Press release. http://telegraphjournal.canadaeast.com/wheels/article/391662. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 
  8. ↑ SS at SEMA: 2008 Chevrolet Cobalt SS Turbo and HHR Panel SS Concept - Auto News - Motor Trend
  9. ↑ IIHS-HLDI: 2005-08 Chevrolet Cobalt - FRONTAL OFFSET TEST
  10. ↑ IIHS-HLDI: 2005-07 Chevrolet Cobalt - SIDE IMPACT TEST WITHOUT OPTIONAL SIDE AIRBAGS
  11. ↑ IIHS-HLDI: 2005-07 Chevrolet Cobalt - SIDE IMPACT TEST WITH OPTIONAL SIDE AIRBAGS
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Chevrolet | 2008 Cobalt - Safety Features | Chevy Cobalt
  13. ↑ The Vindicator (2007-01-25). GM announces Cobalt recall. Press release. http://www4.vindy.com/content/local_regional/307174131201498.php. Retrieved on 2008-09-20. 

additional:

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